Eurocrisis and MonetaryFiscal Policy Free Essays

The administration should obtain from abroad or International Monetary Funds to pay for the contrasts between the import spending and fare costs. The European Union loan to Greece 109 billion of euros to bailout (Foreleg and Walker, 2011, July 23). This is actually a weight for a nation and it might carry negative impacts to the administration strategy and capacity, in light of the fact that the legislature should reaction the irregularity in both the administration spending and approaches. We will compose a custom paper test on Eurocrisis and MonetaryFiscal Policy or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now It is a genuine social expense. In the mean time, the confidences of the outside will be impact. They may think about the outer unevenness in their accomplice nation since it is identified with their benefits and dependability. The outer irregularity may cause financial specialists to feel dangerous and afterward decrease the venture or charge more on the credits, which will exacerbate the unevenness. Furthermore, for the nation, it is actually a hazard in light of the fact that the financial awkwardness has negative effects on a wide range of elements, for example, the estimation of the money and the national FICO assessment. Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece and Spain (PASS) face the diminishing of estimation of their FICO assessment. Presently Greece is C and Portugal is B+ (Hawkers, 2012, January 14). Them two are not hopeful. At the point when government face downturn they will consider increment open consumption and slicing assessments to animate interest and abatement the joblessness rate (Quailing, Eastward and Holmes, 2009). Notwithstanding, for this situation, the emergency nations have such a significant number of obligations that make their administration shortfall sufficiently huge to do no activities. What they need to do is to grimness their monetary approach to lessen the deficiency. So Greece executes the 5 years intend to get advances. Contrasting with other European nations, PASS are moderately falling behind. Their economies are more depended on work power sort of industry, for example, globalization, organizations are looking for less expensive work powers; their focal points are did not exist anymore. On the off chance that these nations don't alter their industry structure, they will e much delicate than now during the money related emergency. Likewise, the work powers among European Union are additionally not fluid. Organizations from various nation have distinctive expense framework so their assets become bubbles. The hypothesis of ideal cash region depends on work portability, cost and pay adaptability as the preconditions. Additionally the versatility can rather than the gliding of swapping scale. Euro zone makes a framework that work can move unreservedly, notwithstanding, as a result of the way of life, language, government assistance and accepted practices, the work powers inside European Union can't accomplish totally fluid Robinson, 2008). Money related Policy The national bank of Europe has set a few focuses to assist with accomplishing and keep up the large scale financial targets. The primary objective is to keep the costs stable and accomplish the low swelling level in the medium term. What's more, it additionally set focuses of keeping up budgetary framework soundness and improves the installments framework. The reason that the national bank of Europe sets these objectives is to accomplish the financial destinations, advancing the solid development of the entire economy (Paula, 2009). What's more, the most well-known and powerful measure utilized by it is the money related strategy. The national bank assists with accomplishing the macroeconomic goals through gathering its objectives, with utilizing the fiscal arrangement. Utilizing the fiscal arrangement, the national bank can change the loan fee to modify the total interest, and afterward help to accomplish the macroeconomic targets. At the point when the expansion happens, the national bank will do the money rate target, raising the official loan fee. And afterward, the national bank will offer the administration protections to business banks. The financing cost for money will be expanded, in light of the fact that the lessening of the money flexibly. So as to keep up beneficiary benefits, money related establishments charges more rates on credits thus does the stores. In this manner, the families and firms will obtain less and want to set aside cash in the banks instead of spend rapidly. It implies that the total interest is diminished thus does the inflationary weight. The decrease of interest cuts the costs down, so household created products will have advantage in the costs in the worldwide market. More fare profit will be got and the outside equalization will be accomplished. What's more, the low costs may draw in increasingly outside financial specialists to contribute, which will profit to the drawn out monetary development and full work. It implies that despite the fact that the higher loan cost will diminish the creation and cause individuals to lose their Jobs for the time being, it could bring chances for the future turn of events. The comparable hypothesis is reasonable for the contrary condition. At the point when the total interest should be pulled up, the national bank will diminish the loan fee and energize financial exercises, invigorating the development of the economy so European Central Bank diminished loan cost in December 2011 by 0. 25% to build total interest (European Central Bank, 2012). Likewise, European Union has the equivalent money related strategy however without the equivalent monetary arrangement (Brittany, Timelier, Bergsten, Exchanging and Meltzer, 2010). Government budgetary arrangement serves inner to increment monetary development and lessening the joblessness rate. To be sure, these two on the assignment proficiency, money strategy serves outer to keep low expansion rate and the steady cash conversion scale (Hudson and Quailing, 2009). Money framework and government budgetary framework are not unedited so the coordination is troublesome. At the point when European Union was established, they don't think about the stopping framework, so hen there come issues, the expenses of exchanges are exceptionally high (Repack, 2010). It drives the issues to the Euro emergency. At the point when a couple of enrollment nations have issues with their financial aspects, they just can talk about inside the gatherings to take care of the issues. At that point the market will confront the solid vacillations, and these variances additionally make the issues unsolved. The banks among Euro zone have other European Union countries’ obligations. This makes European banks’ credit extension wildly, and the administration dangers increment quick. Their proportion of complete capital and Tier 1 capital is even Geiger than the banks in incomparable emergency in the USA (Beg, 2009). End Overall, despite the fact that financial specialists are losing certainty with euros, the money related approach keeps the Euro value strength at a worthy range. Scuffle likewise loan gigantic measure of euros to spare the market. Step by step instructions to refer to Eurocrisis and MonetaryFiscal Policy, Papers

Bill Gates And The Microsoft Corporation :: essays research papers

Bill Gates - you love him, you loathe him, perhaps you ought to become more acquainted with him. The originator of the Microsoft has a great deal of admirers and we can tell that without a doubt just by taking a gander at his fortune. There are anyway individuals who disdain him, yet devote whole sites to condemning him and his organization; on the off chance that you are one of those individuals you can look at www.onmacon.com (access won't be conceded in the event that you use Microsoft Internet Explorer). Some have even gone similarly as tossing pies in his face... It’s an incongruity that one of the world’s most intelligent individuals didn’t even completion school. In 1975 he dropped out of Harvard to frame a casual organization with Paul Allen, â€Å"Micro-soft†; they put all their time in BASIC, the principal scripting language program composed for a PC. It wasn’t until November 1976 that Microsoft got official, when it was enlisted at the Office of the Secretary of the State of New Mexico, and just in 1977 did the organization among Bill and Paul Allen become official. That’s likewise when they convey their second language item, FORTRAN. In 1978, other than propelling a third language, COBOL-80, Microsoft goes global by shaping a key association with the organizer of ASCII Corporation in Japan. The next year, the organization likewise enters the European market and wins the ICP Million Dollar Award with the 8080 BASIC. This is a significant characteristic of the development and acknowledgment of th e PC business. Beginning with the mid 80s, Microsoft begins extending the item run from dialects to working frameworks and its first equipment item, the SoftCard, intended for the Apple II clients. The recently joined business signs an agreement with IBM, the main form of MS-DOS being the essential outcome. Tragically, this working framework wasn’t an excellent one, requiring its clients an exhaustive information on order linguistic structure. The organization moves into the domain of business with an electronic spreadsheet program, the Multiplan. Additionally right now, the Microsoft Local Area Network (MILAN) gets useful, connecting all of Microsoft’s in-house advancement PCs. 1983 is a significant year toward the advancement of a more easy to use PC. In May the mouse is presented, in September the Word preparing program and in November Windows is declared, an expansion of the MS-DOS working framework that gives a graphical working condition. Windows permits a client to see inconsequential application programs at the same time and it gives the capacity to move information starting with one application program then onto the next.

8 Book and Netflix Original Series Pairings

8 Book and Netflix Original Series Pairings If you’ve been paying any attention, you know that Netflix is creating some of the most marathon-worthy original content these days. But once you’ve watched all available episodes of your favorite Netflix show, you can find yourself in a sad slump. What to do now? It’s too soon to start a new series, but you’re not ready to leave your cozy couch cocoon. Lucky for you, we’re here with eight book recommendations based on your favorite Netflix shows! These book and Netflix original series pairings are sure to help you end those last episode blues. The Chilling Adventures of Sabrina/Labyrinth Lost If you enjoy the balance of dark magic and teen drama in The Chilling Adventures of Sabrina, you’ll love Labyrinth Lost by Zoraida Córdova. Much like Sabrina, teenage bruja Alex has a complicated relationship with her family legacy of magic. When she tries to rid herself of her powers at her Deathday celebration, her spell backfires and her whole family disappears. She must team up with Nova, a brujo she doesn’t trust, to save her family and redeem herself. Jessica Jones/Zero Sum Game If you’re a fan of badass private eye/superhero Jessica Jones, you’ll definitely appreciate badass mercenary/math genius Cas Russell from S.L. Huang’s Zero Sum Game. The author is a weapons expert and professional stuntwoman with a math degree from MIT. She’s used her expertise to create Cas, a protagonist who can calculate the trajectory of bullets and use her knowledge of physics to jump off of roofs and through windows. When she encounters a secret organization experimenting with mind control, her mastery of numbers gets more complicated. Much like Jessica Jones, Cas faces a lot of ethical questions when her skills, her job, and enemies that can control minds clash. Black Mirror/Friday Black If you like the experimental sci-fi feel of Black Mirror, you should check out the captivating short story collection Friday Black by Nana Kwame Adjei-Brenyah. Adjei-Brenyah examines the everyday racism black people face by putting his characters in heightened, surreal situations. In one story, a young actor struggles with his role in an augmented reality that allows players to hunt “terrorists” or “intruders.” In another, a mall store employee must survive an apocalyptic zombie-like Black Friday sale. These and other haunting tales serve as social commentary in a way fans of Black Mirror will love. Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt/Mr. Mrs. American Pie For fans of the absurd and hilarious Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt, Mr. Mrs. American Pie by Juliet McDaniel is the perfect fit. Socialite and former beauty queen Maxine is climbing the social ranks in Palm Spring in 1969. That is, until her husband leaves her for his significantly younger secretary and she has a public meltdown. She decides that winning the Mr. Mrs. American Pie contest is the only way to save her image. But first, she has to find a makeshift family she can sell to the judges as her own. It’s laugh-out-loud funny, led by an outrageous cast of characters and a plucky protagonist who will always find a way. Dear White People/Eloquent Rage If you love the razor-sharp social commentary of Dear White People, read Eloquent Rage: A Black Feminist Discovers Her Superpower by Brittney Cooper. This essay collection is an astute and captivating examination of modern racism, respectability politics, and Black womanhood. Much like Samantha in Dear White People, Brittney Cooper has chosen to use her anger to fight racism and sexism in a powerful, thought-provoking way. Queer Eye/GuRu Love the life advice and feel-goodiness of Queer Eye? Then you’re sure to enjoy the charming stories, thoughtful guidance, and beautiful pictures in GuRu, a new book from legendary drag queen RuPaul. Mama Ru is full of memorable one liners and tips for mindfulness.  GuRu has a little bit of everything to provide perspective for the mind, body, and spirit.  It will leave you feeling joyful and refreshed, much like Queer Eye’s Fab Five. Orange is the New Black/The Mars Room Fans of Orange is the New Black, a dramedy set in a New York women’s prison, should check out The Mars Room by Rachel Kushner, a novel set in a California women’s prison. When single mother and former stripper Romy kills a man who stalked her, she’s sentenced to two consecutive life sentences. Upon her arrival in prison, she meets a variety of inmates with their own stories to tell. It’s a look at the harsh realities of incarceration and a flawed justice system told through many perspectives. The diversity of voices and experiences will appeal to Orange is the New Black viewers. Grace and Frankie/Bingo Love If you’re obsessed with the late-in-life romances and quirky relationships in Grace and Frankie, you’re bound to adore Bingo Love, a comic by Tee Franklin, Jenn St-Onge, Joy San, and Cardinal Rae. Hazel and Mari fell in love at first sight at church bingo in 1963, but they were forced apart by their families and society. When they meet again decades later, they decide to give their love a chance. It’s heartwarming and sincere, much like the love and friendships in Grace and Frankie. Did we miss your favorite show? Share your best Netflix series and book pairing in the comments! You can find more coverage of bookish Netflix shows here, and check out these other TV and book pairings: Book and Sitcom Pairings for Your Reading Pleasure Romance Novels to Read Based on Your Favorite Reality TV Shows Choose Some TV Shows and Well Give You a Book to Read

John Green is one of the most popular writers of the 21st...

John Green is one of the most popular writers of the 21st century. John Green is not an ordinary writer. What makes his books so popular is the transition from sadness to a content normality that teenagers tend to relate to. Greens books tend to relate to the life of some teenagers today. Greens serious subjects such as cancer, suicide, isolation, and self-discovery, they are often full of humor and abnormal facts. For many reasons John Greens books belong in high schools today. John Green was born in Indianapolis, Indiana. For his last three years of high school, he attended Indian Springs School, a boarding school in Indian Springs, Alabama. After graduating, he enrolled at Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio. He majored in English and†¦show more content†¦These videos are a big help to High School students who are studying for a test or missed a lesson in school. John Green likes to writes young adult novels about teenagers trying to figure out their place in the world, most ly teenage boys. Green is a New York Times bestseller for several of his novels. For example The Fault in Our Stars and Looking for Alaska. The Fault in our stars is Greens fourth novel published in January 2012. The novel is narrated by a sixteen-year-old cancer patient named Hazel Grace Lancaster, who is forced by her parents to attend a support group, where she meets and falls in love with the seventeen-year-old Augustus Waters, an ex-basketball player and amputee. The title of this novel originates from Shakespeares play Julius Caesar, â€Å" The nobleman Cassius says to Brutus, The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, But in ourselves, that we are underlings.† The Fault in Our Stars has received several awards, including #1 New York Times bestseller, #1 Wall Street Journal bestseller and many more. His book Looking for Alaska is another New York Times best seller. Miles Halter is fascinated by famous last words–and tired of his safe life at home. He leaves fo r boarding school to seek what the dying poet Francois Rabelais called the â€Å"Great Perhaps.† Much awaits Miles at Culver Creek, including Alaska Young. Clever, funny, screwed-up, and dead sexy, Alaska will pull Miles into her labyrinth and catapult himShow MoreRelatedHistory of the Development of the Short Story.3660 Words   |  15 Pagesof fiction that is usually written in prose, usually in narrative format. This format or medium tends to be more pointed than longer works of fiction, such as novellas (in the 20th and 21st century sense) and novels or books. Short story definitions based upon length differ somewhat even among professional writers, due somewhat in part to the fragmentation of the medium into genres. Since the short story format includes a wide range of genres and styles, the actual length is mitigated somewhere betweenRead MoreBranches of Philosophy8343 Words   |  34 Pagesenjoyment, sensory-emotional values, perception, and matters of taste and sent iment. †¢ Logic deals with patterns of thinking that lead from true premises to true conclusions, originally developed in Ancient Greece. Beginning in the late 19th century, mathematicians such as Frege focused on a mathematical treatment of logic, and today the subject of logic has two broad divisions: mathematical logic (formal symbolic logic) and what is now called philosophical logic. †¢ Philosophy of mind dealsRead MoreRelationship Between Religion and Art in Medieval, Renaissance and Contemporary Times2657 Words   |  11 Pageswith the same substance, while surrounded by cutouts from pornographic magazines. The work has stirred much controversy but today still sits in the museum for the public (Saltz n.p.). As early as the Middle Ages, Mother Mary has been considered one of the most revered and loved figures of Christianity. Paintings worshipping her are as numerous as that of Jesus Christ (Sturgis and Clayson, eds. 38). Why then is it tolerable for a museum to display a painting of her made with animal waste, as if she wereRead MoreTriple Bottom Line10664 Words   |  43 Pagesthe 3BL paradigm is that a corporation s ultimate success or health can and should be measured not just by the traditional financial bottom line, but also by its social/ethical and environmental performance. Of course, it has long been accepted by most people in and out of the corporate world that firms have a variety of obligations to stakeholders to behave responsibly. It is also almost a truism that firms cannot be successful in the long run if they consistently disregard the interests of keyRead MoreGlobalization and Its Impact on Malaysia13672 Words   |  55 PagesIf youre totally illiterate and living on one dollar a day, the benefits of globalization never come to you. Jimmy Carter In the US, most progressives start to see the differences between internationalism and economic globalization. David Korten It has been said that arguing against globalization is like arguing against the laws of gravity. Kofi Annan People have accused me of being in favor of globalization. This is equivalent to accusing me of being in favor of the sun rising in the morningRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesappreciate your writing to him at dowden@csus.edu. iv Praise Comments on the earlier 1993 edition, published by Wadsworth Publishing Company, which is owned by Cengage Learning: There is a great deal of coherence. The chapters build on one another. The organization is sound and the author does a superior job of presenting the structure of arguments. David M. Adams, California State Polytechnic University These examples work quite well. Their diversity, literacy, ethnic sensitivityRead MoreGlobalization and It Effects on Cultural Integration: the Case of the Czech Republic.27217 Words   |  109 Pagesforefront of mans complexities. With these thoughts in mind, man has moved through history trying to satisfy his desires in relation to others. The advent of the twenty-first century gave birth to the idea of making the world a single village, thus, globalization. Globalization is the most talk-about issues in the 21st century. However, there is the difficulty of the world to come up with a single and uniform definition. This is because, so many people doubt if the happenings in the world today areRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 PagesThe case of Cochlearâ„ ¢ – an Australian C A S E O N E high-technology leader Delta Faucet: Global entrepreneurship in an emerging market C A S E T W O DaimlerChrysler: Corporate governance dynamics in a global company C A S E T H R E E Gunns and the gr eens: Governance issues in Tasmania C A S E F O U R Succeeding in the Sydney indie music industry C A S E F I V E Nucor in 2005 C A S E S I X News Corp in 2005: Consolidating the DirecTV acquisition C A S E S E V E N Shanghai Volkswagen: Implementing projectRead MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 PagesI. Introduction to the Picatrix (The Aim of the Sage) of al-Majriti, Maslamati ibn Ahmad Joseph H. Peterson The Ghà ¢yat al-Hakà ®m fi’l-sihr, or Picatrix, as it is known in the West, is an important Arabic magical text. It is perhaps the largest and most comprehensive of the grimoires, or handbooks of magic. The attribution to the Andalusian mathematician al-Majriti (or al-Madjriti) (d. ca. 1004-7) is considered pseudo-epigraphic. The Latin translation dates to 1256 and the court of Alphonso the WiseRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work

Parenting styles and its effects on the child development ...

Parenting styles and its effects on the child development â€Å"The most beautiful thing in this world is to see your parents smiling and knowing that you are the reason behind that smile.† Our parents’ first concern; which parenting style to follow in order to raise up a well-developed, and well-mannered person. Matter of fact, a huge debate went over this particular issue, whether strict parenting is the right method, or being leant is the correct method. There is clear evidence that parents can and do influence children. (Maccoby 1). Although, there are numerous factors that can affect the parenting process, or affect the way the parents treat the child (Bossard 333) (Maccoby 1). For instance, different home†¦show more content†¦This in fact raises a very important question to the parent; are they consistent in their style of parenting? And does parenting style have the same meaning across the cultures (Smetana 194)? Researches stressed more to define this view of control, in the book: Adolescents, Families, and social development. The writer Judith G. Smetana defines control further; High levels of control can refer to parents who supervise and have firm rules for their children and provide a great deal of structure and guidance. This notion can also include parents who are overly intrusive, use guilt, or threaten to withdrawal their love if teens dont comply with their wishes. (Smetana 198). In addition to restriction and pressure on the child to eat his food is what over control parental means, and it can be also defined as authoritative parenting (Hubbs-Tait et al. 8). Parents try to create and build up their childs personality in their own image, their believes, and likeness of how the child should be (Smetana 198). According to the journal; parenting styles and children’s behavior authoritarian parenting is mainly forcing to act in a certain behavior which do not conflict with what parents do believe that is right (Carter , Welch 191). Furthermore, parents try to control their children with antilove-which is all form of negativeShow MoreRelatedProsocial Behavior : Behavior And Behavior Essay1378 Words   |  6 PagesParents set a direct example for their children’s behavior and the use of parenting styles and techniques can help shape a child’s tendency for those prosocial behaviors. This paper intends to look into how different parenting styles and practices may influence how a child develops and expresses prosocial behavior. The first article that I came across regarding this subject of prosocial behavior wanted to look at how parenting and coparenting affect a child’s prosocial behavior. The article suggestsRead MoreHow Parenting Styles Influence Children s Learning And Development1976 Words   |  8 PagesStewart, 2014:230) this should be in correspondence to the child’s age or development level. This chapter is going to explore theory from Baumrind to discover how different parenting styles influence children’s learning and development. In the 1960’s Baumrind distinguished three patterns of parenting which have dramatic and influential impacts on shaping a child’s development, she labelled these as authoritarian, authoritative and permissive (Lamb and Bornstein, 2011). â€Å"A parenting style consists of severalRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Kids Are Alright 2460 Words   |  10 Pagesfollows the repercussions of the discovery of their biological dad, and al so examines Nic and Jules’ relationship, and Laser’s development of independence, self, and identity. Throughout the movie it is clear that Laser is still stuck in the transitional place between adulthood and childhood, or as Erikson would call is, the Identity vs. Role Confusion stage of development. Laser is literally searching to find out who he is, feeling like a piece of the biological puzzle is missing. He is disappointedRead MoreComing From A Low-Income Family I Can Personally Agree1148 Words   |  5 PagesComing from a low-income family I can personally agree that the research in this article is relevant to my life. Most of my family has health insurance, but with many limits. For example, the insurance that I have will only cover emergency occasions, but unfortunately it won’t cover all my bills or treatments like surgery. On the on the other hand, my younger sibling’s health insurance cover more factors but lacks in quality. However, my parents’ case is a lot different than ours because they don’tRead MoreTeratogen Psychological Effect on Feta l Development3442 Words   |  14 Pagescourse of pregnancy is both very rewarding and challenging. The end result is a beautiful creation and enjoinment of two people. The fragile aspect of newborn life is not the first time a mother faces protecting the child. The beginning of a successful foundation for life starts the second a women becomes pregnant. Prenatally, many different toxins can create issues surrounding the physical and mental development of a baby. Some of the toxins are very obvious, where many fly under the radar.Read MoreTangled Is The Disney Story Of Rapunzel1770 Words   |  8 Pagesturns 18 in the movie. She’s a charming and witty young lady with dreams that are out of this world. It’s about Rapunzel’s stolen life as she is kept up in a tower with only having human interaction with a woman who kidnapped her when she was an infant and claims herself as Rapunzel’s mother. Rapunzel desperately wants to leave her tower to see these floating lanterns she has dreamed about since she was a child as she watches them through her window on her birthday every year. Rapunzel isn’t allowedRead MoreEssay about Todays Adolescents: A Look at Sexual Development4190 Words   |  17 PagesToday’s Adolescent: a look at Sexual Development Puberty What role does early puberty play in sex? As childhood slowly fades away and the signs of puberty becomes apparent on the young adolescent body. During puberty the body undergoes many physical changes that seemingly just appear. For girls in the early years of adolescence may not see any secondary changes in their appearance however their ovaries began to grow. In recent years girls have been experiencing puberty at early periods ratherRead MoreFS 1 portfolio10152 Words   |  41 PagesIligan City FS-1 Portfolio The Learner’s Development and Environment First Semester A.Y 2014-2015 In Partial Fulfillment Field Study 1 Rachel Shayne A. Besangre Student Mrs. Terencia R. Arnejo Instructor October 2013 I. Acknowledgement I am very much thankful to the teachers, faculty, student and parents who helped me and gave me ideas that inspired me and touched me deeply, without them I could not finish this partial fulfillment of Field Study. I also thankRead MoreField Study Episode 39378 Words   |  38 PagesEpisode 3 CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT AND LEARNING Name of FS Student: Shiena Mae T. Openia Course: BEED Year and Section: III Resource Teacher: Mrs. Perlita Celocia Cooperating School: Bato Primary School Your Target At the end of this activity, you will gain competence in managing time, space and resources to provide an environment which is appropriate to the learners and conducive to learning. Your Map To reach your target, do the following tasks: Your Tools 1Read MoreDefinition of Adolescent Development14194 Words   |  57 PagesDefinition of Adolescent development: The development of children ages 12 through 19 years old is expected to include predictable physical and mental milestones. Introduction Derived from the Latin verb adolescere (to grow into maturity), adolescence is the period of transition from childhood to adulthood. Adolescent is a distinct and dynamic phase of development in the life of an individual. It is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood and is characterized by spurts of physical, mental

Cialis Free Essays

Cialis Case Analysis I. Problem: Lilly ICOS LLC (â€Å"Lily†), a young biotech start-up, is going to launch a new drug Cialis for male impotence treatment. In the existing ED drug market, Viagra has gained a huge success and Pfizer is accelerating its marketing pace. We will write a custom essay sample on Cialis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The problem with Lily is which patient segment to target and how to position itself in the marketplace in launching the Cialis. II. Alternatives: ) Follow a Beat Strategy and Come Up with a Differentiated Positioning + High profit prospect by reaching a broad market including current users, dropouts and new users + Easy to build the brand by differentiation of 36-hour effectiveness, more flexibilities and rare visual irregularities + Consistent with Lily’s innovative marketing strategy of integrating into product development and introduction (i. e. first-† and â€Å"best-in-class†) – High risk as a new entrant due to Viagra’s domination in the ED treatment marketplace – Significant marketing investment and innovative marketing tactics are required to make the differentiation – Lack of competency to convince the physicians of its superiority and difficult to persuade the current Viagra users to switch to Cialis 2) Follow a Compete Strat egy and Go Head-to-Head with Viagra’s Positioning + Seize the competitor’s users and re-capture the dropouts as 90% of Viagra currents users and 84% dropouts are interested in trying the new drug + Quicken its prevalence by making analogous positioning, i. e. similar level of price and target customer, etc. + Save marketing costs on segmentation and targeting Fierce competition to confront directly with the ED treatment giant Viagra which has five-year history – Me-too positioning is not consistent with Lily’s focus on development of innovative drugs and competitor may fight back – The characteristics such as flexibility and less onset time may be ignored by customers 3) Follow a Niche Strategy and Target a Specific Segment + Modest competition and lower risk by targeting a specific segment (i. e. the dropouts from Viagra) + Less investment in marketing and sales force + Easily accepted by this specific targeted segment – A limited market sh are restraining the profits – Need to price much cheaper than competitors – Difficult for future growth and expansion to other segments III. Recommendation: Lily should adopt a beat strategy with a differentiated positioning to pursue a broad market. The current needs of the customers for ED treatment are primarily longer duration and flexibility. By targeting the ED patients and their partners demanding for a quality life, Lily should position Cialis as a â€Å"quality-of-life† drug which is best-in-class and more than a treatment drug. To patients, Lily may emphasis the 36-hour effectiveness and intake without regard of food, which offers great flexibility for men. Meanwhile, Lily can educate the female partners to identify the cause for their male partners’ ED and implicate that Cialis can improve their relationship with high satisfaction. To the physicians, it’s important for Lily to convey the information of Cialis’s effectiveness and safety, such as less onset time and rare visual irregularities. It’s advisable to employ the direct-to-consumer advertising, beyond the media reports, to arise both the patients’ and partners’ attention to ED problem and address Cialis’s prowess of creating flexibility. In addition, Lily should price Cialis a little bit cheaper than Viagra or the same as Viagra. It will label Cialis as a premium product and gain a comparative advantage over Viagra. Moreover, offering free samples to customers can accelerate the acceptance and prevalence of Cialis. How to cite Cialis, Essay examples Cialis Free Essays They have DEED problems- which lead to feeling personal embarrassment; Question their role In their relationships; Sense of unfairness to their female partners; trained relationships; Self-identity problems; questioning role in all contexts of life; questioning place in the world. Where? From a local drugstore; directly from a Doctor; from a mail order drugstore; Not usual drug store; another party getting it; in other countries. How? They intake prescription to engage in intimacy with sexual partner. We will write a custom essay sample on Cialis or any similar topic only for you Order Now SOOT Analysis Strengths: 1 Eli Lily and CICS is a great source for product team. Eli Lilly have plenty experience to bring drugs to the market. CICS have strong technical competence with proven trench in clinical result. 2 Compared to Vicarage, Scalia can last up to 36 hours, unaffected by meals, rare visual Irregularities etc. 3 Good operationally and financially positioned to enter the market. Weakness: 1 Low compound Annual Growth Rates (CARR) In Germany (3. 6%) and France (14. 8%) Much lower value than comparable countries such as the US. This may lead to low return in these markets. Brayer’s likely positioning as a â€Å"niche† drug treating diabetes along with DEED, limits the strategies that Lilly CICS LLC can explore ND employ. 3 CICS have no marketing competence to date. How much control will they realistically have marketing decisions given their lack of experience? Will their lack of marketing competence slowdown elements of the launch/ complicate processes? Opportunity 1 . Promoting to couples (both married and living together) in a comb ined campaign. 2. The high dropout rates of Vicarage after first year offers potential targeting for Lilly CICS LLC. Threats: 1 . Little evidence of market research conducted in Brazil, Canada, Mexico and Australia. 2. Competitive reaction of Pfizer could prohibit Lilly CICS LLC Clans† compete with the advertising â€Å"blitz† that Pfizer have exercised? Marketing strategy suggestion Price Since Scalia is going to face to face compete with Vicarage, we highly recommend it launch at the same price with Vicarage. It is easy for customer to accept a safer and longer-lasting DEED drug at the original price. Distribution Channels Management 1. Wholesalers: Lilly CICS LLC are in charge of manufacturing the drug, at which point they distribute he drug to wholesalers. Given the unattractiveness of the channel for wholesalers and the low margin that is obtained, a 5%increase may give Lilly CICS LLC more influence over the terms of the arrangement. This would also encourage the wholesaler to distribute more extensively and effortlessness more favorable terms such as buying back stock unsold. 2. Patients: Directly sell drugs to the patients who have DEED problem via doctors would be a very good way to reach target consumer. . Website: Sell drugs on Physician website or Patients and partner website. Promotion 1. Free sampling: Since Scalia is the direct competitor of Vicarage, send free sampling to Vicarage user would be a very good way to reach target consumer. 2. Advertisement in hospital Scalia is a safer and longer-lasting DEED medicine, patient in hospital can get more advice from doctors after they saw the advertisement. 3. Website advertisement Physician website or Patients and partner website would be a very good way to add exposure of the new product. How to cite Cialis, Papers Cialis Free Essays 1. Why was Viagra so successful? Viagra’s success was due to: * Viagra was the first orally taken drug that addressed ED. Other alternatives that had already existed in the market were: penile implants, vacuum pumps , ED injection and urethra suppository, none of them were really user friendly. We will write a custom essay sample on Cialis or any similar topic only for you Order Now * Viagra was the first affordable solution for ED, its retail price was $10/dose, whereas Caverject injection cost $25/dose, vacuum pumps $300 to $500, and the most expensive, penile implants ranged from $12,000 to $18,000. Pfizer employed advertising which reached out to all men. They featured celebrities in their ads, such as Bob Dole, Raphael Palmiero, Mark Martin. Seeing these celebrities publically confess to having ED, made men feel more comfortable in acknowledging their own ED issues and communicating it to their physicians. * Unlike injections, Viagra could be taken everyday. * Some people saw recreational usage to Viagra. * Viagra was approved by Medicaid in 11 states. * There was a huge market for ED drugs. In 1996 the number of ED prompted doctor visits was at the all time high of 1. 3 million visits. 2. Draw a perceptual map that summarizes the positioning strategies adopted by Viagra, Levitra and Cialis and evaluate those strategies. Viagra’s positioning strategy: Pfizer first started out by featuring older celebrities, like Bob Dole, trying to capture attention of their target market. Statistics showed that over 50% of Viagra’s customers were men over 50. Later, Pfizer changed its strategy and started featuring young celebrities, such as a baseball player, NASCAR driver. They wanted to show that even â€Å"manly mans† could have a problem and they also wanted to put out a message that Viagra is not only for older men but for men of all ages, who might even only have a slight problem. Basically, their message to men was â€Å"you’re not too young for Viagra†. I think this was the right move on Pfizer’s side since it expand their target market to men of all ages, at the same time maybe draw out men who didn’t feel comfortable with the subject. Levitra’s positioning strategy: Bayer and Glaxo positioned Levitra as a way of enhancing the sexual experience. It was not about the number of times a man could have sex, it was all about quality. They also wanted to educate the public about ED and about their solution to it. Their reps spent 50% more time talking to doctors about Levitra than Pfizer’s did about Viagra. This was a good positioning strategy for Bayer and Glaxo. With Levitra, coming to market after Viagra, they had to differentiate themselves somehow. And doing this from a quality angle, I believe they hit the right note with a lot of men. Cialis’ positioning strategy: Lilly Icos, after doing several years of research and seeing both, Viagra and Levitra’s performance in the market, decided to position Cialis as a stress-free, more spontaneous, fitting into an every-day lifestyle type of a solution to ED. Men didn’t have to feel stressed to perform because of the time constraints. They can live their normal lives, with Cialis kind of in the background. I believe it’s a really good strategy, given the characteristics of Cialis. People with ED want to put their problem out of their mind and not think about it. And Cialis would be the perfect solution – there’s no pressure to perform, they can have sex at their own convenience. No major changes would need to be made to their lives. 3. How can the product attributes of Cialis be translated into a successful positioning platform for the product’s launch? Cialis differentiated itself from the rest of the available ED treatments in the following ways: * Cialis took faster effect than Viagra and remained effective longer than Viagra (around 36 hours and the effect kicked in only when needed). This was a huge plus on Cialis’ side since it was so flexible. It had effect even after eating fatty foods. It could also be taken by patients who had high blood pressure, and it could be taken along with alpha blockers. The bottom line – it accommodated most everyone under most every circumstance. * Cialis had less physical side effects than its competitors, Viagra and Levitra. Outlined below are some of the different way s Lilly Icos could have positioned Cialis: * To men of any age and of any physical condition with any level of ED severity. * To men who love their routines and don’t want to change them. Emphasize on the fact that men’s partners don’t even have to know that they’re taking drugs for their condition. This might especially be important to men who start dating a new person; they might not want their partner to know about their condition, at least maybe not right away. * Can be taken before/after any type of activity: work, sports, romantic dinner out. * Can be taken by men of many different lifestyles (busy professionals, busy parents, retired, etc. ) * End benefit is that anyone with any sort of ED dysfunction can feel problem-free again! It works for any man, anywhere, anytime! How to cite Cialis, Papers

Human Factors And Workplace Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Human Factors And Workplace. Answer: Human factors are attributes in a healthcare work environment which helps in enhancing clinical performance. Safe clinical practice can be developed by effects of combined teamworks, tasks, proper equipment, workspace, organizational culture and others on the human behaviour as well as the abilities of the stakeholders involved in healthcare (Carayon et al., 2014). It also involves application of proper knowledge in the clinical settings for maintenance of safety and care in the healthcare of patients. The domain is also called ergonomics. Ergonomics is defined by researchers as the established discipline of science that underpins current patient safety and helps in the improvement of quality of care (Holden et al., 2013). It also contains providing an integrated as well as evidence and coherent approach to patient safety and clinical excellence. The principles of the human factors are based on optimizing different human performance by better understanding of the different types of behaviors of individuals. It takes into consideration their interactions with each other so that human frailties can be minimized as well as mitigated. This in turn helps in reducing medical errors and thereby prevents adverse consequences lie patient death, negative outcomes, harms and longer stays at hospitals (Russ et al., 2013). The adoption of this science in a healthcare ensures cultural changes and also empowers not only the professionals but also the organization to put clinical excellence and patient safety at the heart. Moreover it is also seen that human factor principles are helpful in proper identification as well as assessment and management of different types of risks associated with patient safety. Thereby incidents can be analyzed to identify learning as well as corrective actions. Hignett and Wolf have stated in 2016 that human fa ctors understanding and its various techniques associated with human factors are extremely helpful in informing quality improvement teams and different services along with the support change management. They also help to emphasize the importance of the design of the equipments, associated procedures and different processes (Clack Sax, 2017). Human factors mainly provide importance to four important components. They are the user and person centered design which ensures that health care in provided in such way which suits the people. The third component is the tasks which are allocated and also aligns with the fourth component which is the environment which remain involved during healthcare (Wilson, 2014). It ensures that the care which is provided should be effective, safe and also efficient. International Ergonomics Association has stated that [Human factors] is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data, and other methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performancein 2010. The main components of human factors are knowledge about human behaviors, their limitations and abilities which are important to shape the care to be provided to patients who comes fro m different backgrounds and with different needs. De Vault et al., (2014) has stated that it also involves other characteristics which are important to design different systems, tasks and activities, environments a well as different technologies and equipments. Moreover human factors also have the components that involve proper designing of trainings programs as well as instructional materials which will develop and support the different performance of the tasks or use the technology or equipments (Vincent Blandford, 2017). A model for human factors which was proposed by Csaza in the year 2001 can be discussed here in order to make the concept easier to understand. This model contains persons who are involved in the healthcare management like the care recipients and the care givers. Secondly it contains the task in which they are engaged. Here a case study for diabetes management in an old man in home is taken. Therefore the tasks applied is blood glucose monitoring, help with activities of daily life regularly and others, the equipment or technology which are important to conduct the tasks as well as the environments in which the task are taking place. This may be community, social, physical and others. Different people have different levels of knowledges, skills, abilities, education, preferences, inhibitions, health conditions and attitude (Cook et al., 2014). These are inculcated by them in their practices that impact the care. As a result different individuals interact with the tasks and equipments differently due to their cognitive, physical or perceptual capabilities. Herlihey et al., (2016) has stated that the type and magnitude of diff erent factors like sensory, cognitive and physical demands that the take an equipment imply on people may vary and are directly associated with personal capabilities of the professionals and also the care receivers. Avery good example of the integration of human factors can be provided with the help of a case study. An old man residing in home along with his old wife needs to use glucometer to check his blood glucose level. A nurse at a distant clinic checks the data with a telemonitoring machine. Here the old man is the service user, the old woman and the nurses are the caregiver, the glucometer and the telemonitoring machine are the equipments and the task is properly checking blood glucose level and properly conducting the care through the telemonitoring device. The old man may face difficulty in doing the task may be due to his lack of vision, health literacy, inability to remember the use of the device and others. The wife may also not be able to provide proper care to her husband and may not handle the telemonitoring equipment properly which requires ability to read the display, remembering operating options and others. The environment may also come to play which may be rural or may not ha ve internet access. All these may lead to several errors which may hamper the health of the individual leading to adverse situations. Therefore the human factor interaction needs to fit among the different system components in order to develop efficiency, safety and effectiveness of the components so that the symptoms of the disorder are properly managed and quality of life get better. If the fit remains poor, the patients may develop complications which would require him to be hospitalized associated with poor quality life and longer stays at hospitals. Different components can be obtained if human factors are dissected into several sections. Researchers are of the opinion that organizational factors involve culture, managers leadership and communication. It has been tried nowadays by a large number of healthcare organizations to modify the culture of safety in such a way that the organizations design process and workforce can develop clear goal (Kushiniruk et al., 2014). This goal should be clear to all individuals for the dramatic improvement in the safety as well as reliability o the care process. Safety interventions or change in the organizational culture to maintain safety should be addressed for not only patients but also for workers and therefore different safety culture tools can be used by the organization to evaluate the success of the change culture in the organization. Another factor as stated by researchers Wahr et al., (2013) is managerial leadership which can productively impose direct efforts in the healthcare setup s. This would help in fostering a culture and commitment which the professionals need to address for the underlying causes of medical errors and harms to service users. They should tale workarounds for monitoring the work of other team members; help them in handling equipments, developing the skills of team members and other to ensure patent safety. They should emphasize safety over productivity and also adopt a centralized style for implementing the right human factors. They also become involved in safety initiatives and should really corporate visions for safety supervisors. Also ensuring compliance over regulatory requirements, providing resources for safety programs showing concern for people and also showing consistent commitment for safety should be conducted by leaders. Communication is yet another component of human factors that need to be handed efficiently. A failure of communication leads to adverse events on patients leading to compromising safety of patients. Researcher s have reported that safe and effective delivery of health services needs proper communication between individuals serving different riles, experience and training an also perspectives of care. Some issues created by improper communication are clinical handovers, delegations, quality of information documented in patient files, incident reports, power struggles preventing juniors from speaking up and others. Moreover organizational failures, transmission failures, reception failures and others may be prevented with proper following human factor models. Researchers have stated that a proper team work may help in decreasing the rate of errors and increasing the quality o care provided to patients. A team should comprise of an efficient team leaders who should have the right amount of knowledge, skill, attitudes. Je should follow a proper leadership style and personality that would encourage the members to abide by safety rules and practices the best evidence based care. The leaders should ensure proper interventions for making the team members knowledgeable, skillful and portray the correct work attitude and personality. The main dynamics which would be benefitted by a proper team work would be goal comprehension where all the members should have a shared understanding of goals and thereby aligning with common objectives to meet the goal. Moreover proper communication, conflict management, proper decision making are also ensured by high quality team work (Hoffman et al., 2013). A proper division of tasks according to specialty of tea m members and their performance evaluation depends on the leaders. Effective leadership, process monitoring and giving proper feedback would ensure maintain quality care for patents. Many researchers are also of the opinion that at the individual level, situation awareness is another component which can b described as the perception of elements in the environment within a particular volume of time and space and proper comprehension of the meanings and thereby the correct projection of the status in the future. Ever individual should be always on toes constantly monitoring what is going on along with the perceptions like what is going to happen in coming moments and others. Being always alert and active will help to avoid many occurrences of errors in patient care. Increasing interest in attention skills (healthcare professionals being more attentive in workplace) in the workplace can be helped by rapid development of different types of computer based monitoring systems as well as other technological advances (Machida et al., 2014). They are very much helpful in providing service to distant patients. Failures in situation awareness can lead to preventable deaths a nd longer stays of patients in hospitals and also cues the organization to spend resources which could have been avoided. Another component which acts an individual level is decision making capability which is very much essential preventing errors. Often improper decisions made at critical timing may result in not only harm to the patients condition but may also involve professionals in legal and ethical battles which may harm the career of the healthcare professional. Not only that, reputation of the organization may also be compromised. Therefore proper decision making is one of the major components of human factors which need to be mastered properly (Youngson et al., 2015). Two stages of decisions making are diagnosing the situation effectively and the providing logical reasoning to choose the course of action followed by accomplishments. Researchers have stated four different types of decisions aiming. The first one is the recognition primed decision making process where the situation is first recognized and then action is performed after recalling from memory. The next is the rule based method wher e decisions are taken as per rule book after situation is identified. Other methods are choice through comparison of options where the best option for action among many is selected which is found to be the best. The last one is the creative method where a new course of action be devised (Harte et al., 2017). Stress is one of the most important human factors that often affect service delivery of different organization. Occupational stress often takes place among different healthcare professionals which relate to workload, improper time off as well as restricted autonomy of healthcare staffs. This may results in emotional exhaustion as well as aversion to work for patients. These in turn lead to different types of work errors and feelings of discomfort. It also results in reduced productivity, physical and mental ailments and also in poor team performance. These failures to cope with work pressure causes medical errors to occur which may affect patient safety (Weaver et al., 2016). It is extremely important to consider human factors and its effect on healthcare settings as it has an intrinsic relationship with patient safety and quality service. The care recipients, caregivers, tasks are allocated; equipments and technologies are important parts where the system needs to fit in properly with no errors for uninterrupted service to patients. Proper organizational culture, managerial leaderships and communication need to be monitored to maintain safety and quality in the organizations. Moreover, at an individual level, proper decision making skill and proper handling of stress may help the professionals to develop skills which will ensure decrease in error and increase in quality of care. Moreover proper teamwork will help in developing a work culture where occurrence of errors can be eliminated and workplace culture can be developed in such a way that the health care industry becomes the best service providing industry in the global outlook. References: Carayon, P., Wetterneck, T. B., Rivera-Rodriguez, A. J., Hundt, A. S., Hoonakker, P., Holden, R., Gurses, A. P. (2014). Human factors systems approach to healthcare quality and patient safety.Applied ergonomics,45(1), 14-25. Carthey, J. (2013). Implementing Human Factors in Healthcare:How toGuideVolume 2 Taking Further Steps.London: Patient Safety First. Clack, L., Sax, H. (2017). Annals for Hospitalists Inpatient Notes-Human Factors Engineering and Inpatient CareNew Ways to Solve Old ProblemsInpatient Notes: Human Factors Engineering and Inpatient Care.Annals of Internal Medicine,166(8), HO2-HO3. Cook, T. M., Andrade, J., Bogod, D. G., Hitchman, J. M., Jonker, W. R., Lucas, N., ... Paul, R. G. (2014). 5th National Audit Project (NAP5) on accidental awareness during general anaesthesia: patient experiences, human factors, sedation, consent, and medicolegal issues.British journal of anaesthesia,113(4), 560-574. DeVault, D., Artstein, R., Benn, G., Dey, T., Fast, E., Gainer, A., ... Lucas, G. (2014, May). SimSensei Kiosk: A virtual human interviewer for healthcare decision support. InProceedings of the 2014 international conference on Autonomous agents and multi-agent systems(pp. 1061-1068). International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems. Harte, R., Glynn, L., Rodrguez-Molinero, A., Baker, P. M., Scharf, T., Quinlan, L. R., Laighin, G. (2017). A human-centered design methodology to enhance the usability, human factors, and user experience of connected health systems: a three-phase methodology.JMIR Human Factors,4(1). Herlihey, T. A., Gelmi, S., Flewwelling, C. J., Hall, T. N., Baez, C., Morita, P. P., ... Hota, S. (2016). Personal protective equipment for infectious disease preparedness: a human factors evaluation.infection control hospital epidemiology,37(09), 1022-1028. Hignett, S., Wolf, L. (2016). Reducing inpatient falls: Human Factors Ergonomics offers a novel solution by designing safety from the patients perspective.International journal of nursing studies,59, A1-A3. Hoffman, R. B., Segal, C. G., Foster, J. A., Rhoads, L. C. (2013, June). Adaptation of the human factors analysis and classification system to patient safety studies. InProceedings of the International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care(Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 108-113). Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications. Holden, R. J., Carayon, P., Gurses, A. P., Hoonakker, P., Hundt, A. S., Ozok, A. A., Rivera-Rodriguez, A. J. (2013). SEIPS 2.0: a human factors framework for studying and improving the work of healthcare professionals and patients.Ergonomics,56(11), 1669-1686. Kushniruk, A., Kaipio, J., Nieminen, M., Hyppnen, H., Lveri, T., Nohr, C., ... Borycki, E. (2014). Human Factors in the Large: Experiences from Denmark, Finland and Canada in Moving Towards Regional and National Evaluations of Health Information System Usability: Contribution of the IMIA Human Factors Working Group.Yearbook of medical informatics,9(1), 67. Machida, K., Mikami, S., Masutani, M., Mishima, K., Kobayashi, T., Imataka, H. (2014). A translation system reconstituted with human factors proves that processing of encephalomyocarditis virus proteins 2A and 2B occurs in the elongation phase of translation without eukaryotic release factors.Journal of Biological Chemistry,289(46), 31960-31971. Russ, A. L., Fairbanks, R. J., Karsh, B. T., Militello, L. G., Saleem, J. J., Wears, R. L. (2013). The science of human factors: separating fact from fiction.BMJ Qual Saf,22(10), 802-808. Vincent, C. J., Blandford, A. (2017). How do health service professionals consider human factors when purchasing interactive medical devices? A qualitative interview study.Applied ergonomics,59, 114-122. Wahr, J. A., Prager, R. L., Abernathy, J. 3., Martinez, E. A., Salas, E., Seifert, P. C., ... Sanchez, J. A. (2013). Patient safety in the cardiac operating room: human factors and teamwork.Circulation, CIR-0b013e3182a38efa. Weaver, C. A., Ball, M. J., Kim, G. R., Kiel, J. M. (2016). Healthcare information management systems.Cham: Springer International Publishing. Wilson, J. R. (2014). Fundamentals of systems ergonomics/human factors.Applied ergonomics,45(1), 5-13. Youngson, G., Paterson-Brown, S., Russ, S. (2015). Response to:Lack of standardisation between specialties for human factors content in postgraduate surgical training: an analysis of specialty curricula in the UKby Greig et al.BMJ Qual Saf, bmjqs-2015.